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is a special text file that lets webmasters change server settings for the site it's placed on. Individual commands can run without the server admin ever getting involved, so nothing has to wait on them. The file is always named .htaccess and only works on servers running Apache.
An Apache server plugin that lets you create clean, readable URLs. For example, instead of /index.php?user=1 you get /user/1. More info: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mod_rewrite
Backend refers to the admin interface that only the store owner can access. This is where new products get added, the whole store gets managed, and the app keeps running behind the scenes. The opposite of the backend is the frontend - that's what customers see when they shop.
CAPTCHA stands for Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart. This technology tells humans and machines apart online. It makes sure a form was actually filled out by a person at the keyboard, not a bot trying to spam you.
CSS stands for Cascading Style Sheets. This language controls how a web page looks. It lets you position elements on the page exactly how you want, matching your design and requirements. CSS code can live right inside the HTML (inline) or in its own separate file.
A domain is a unique identifier for a specific computer on the internet. When running a business online, it's important to pick the right domain shape and extension. For each country, it's best to use the domain extension people there are used to seeing. In the Czech Republic, that usually means domains ending in .cz (for example seznam.cz).
Dedicated hosting is built for customers with the highest demands, who don't want to deal with the server hardware at all. The dedicated hosting provider takes care of all the hardware and software.
Online store is a term most people are familiar with by now. It refers to an electronic store, essentially a digital version of a real, brick-and-mortar shop. A well-run online store lets an owner reach a much bigger audience than a single physical location ever could.
Flash was a technology for creating and playing videos, animations, and all kinds of interactive content right in the browser. It kept getting improved over the years and was fairly popular with users. Its downside was that it needed a solid internet connection. Adobe owned Flash.
FTP stands for File Transfer Protocol. It lets you connect a computer to a network and transfer files. This protocol is mainly used by web professionals (webmasters) to upload their site content to the internet. FTP runs over TCP, specifically on ports 20 and 21. Port 20 handles data, port 21 handles commands and control. FTP works the same regardless of your operating system. To use FTP from a web browser, you'll need a dedicated client. FTP was created by Abhay Bhushan back in 1971, and it's been updated and expanded many times since (for example, IPv6 support was added in 1998). FTP uses a client-server model, where the server offers its data to other computers that connect to it. Access is interactive, you log in with a username and password. Since that approach is no longer considered secure, newer extensions have been developed to address the problem (for example RFC 2228). Once connected to the server, you can transfer, list, and modify files. Our FTP server address is ftp.best-hosting.cz.
Homepage refers to the main page of a website. It's usually the first thing every visitor sees. That's why it's important for the homepage to include all the key information visitors need to confirm they're in the right place. These days, the most important information tends to live on individual subpages, so the homepage mostly just works as a hub.
Hosting is a service where a provider rents you physical space on their server, where you can upload the content of your website. That lets you take your business to a new level, since you'll be findable online. Hosting is also often called web hosting, since it's specifically for hosting websites.
HTML is a markup language (the acronym stands for Hypertext Markup Language) used mainly for building simple web pages. Its foundation is marking up different parts of a page with tags, each carrying a specific function. Every element on a page is captured this way and given a defined purpose. To make development easier, HTML is usually paired with CSS, which adds a lot more flexibility.
HTTP stands for Hypertext Transfer Protocol, an internet protocol that lets documents be exchanged between a web browser and the server where the requested information is stored. It works on a request-response basis: the user enters an address in the browser, the server processes the request, and sends back the requested page as a response. Http goes in front of every website's URL, for example http://www.best-hosting.cz.
An IP address is a numeric value that identifies a specific computer on a network. The abbreviation IP stands for Internet Protocol.
JavaScript is a scripting language that works with objects. It lets you build sophisticated web pages and applications that plain HTML can't handle on its own. A ton of JavaScript code out there enables interaction between a user and the page's content.
MySQL is a database language that processes data from a website on the server side. It's very popular and used, for example, in the widely used open source app WordPress. MySQL's owner today is Oracle. MySQL is an extension of the older SQL language.
Multi-hosting is a type of hosting that lets you manage several websites across multiple domains from a single admin panel. That one access point cuts down on the admin workload for a webmaster. Multi-hosting for several domains also tends to work out cheaper than separate hosting for each individual domain.
Open source refers to freely available applications. Their source code is open for anyone to study and modify to fit their own needs. Thanks to a large community of skilled volunteers, these applications can grow into complex systems that outdo even commercially developed software. Some of the best known open source projects include the Linux operating system and the Chrome and Firefox browsers, among many others.
Perl is a programming language popular with developers for its flexibility. It's open source, so anyone can access its source code, which has led to a large number of freely available applications.
PHP is one of the most widely used programming languages of recent years. It's used to build dynamic websites that respond to user actions and create real interaction between the user and the site. PHP scripts work hand in hand with the MySQL database language, and together they're a classic pairing.
RSS stands for Really Simple Syndication. This technology is used to distribute content from websites. With a single RSS reader, you can follow content from all your favorite sites in one place. All you need is the RSS feed address for a site and a reader to add it to.
Python, like JavaScript, is an object-oriented programming language. Developers like Python for its strict, easy-to-follow syntax. It's a very versatile language used for complex applications, but its basics are simple enough for programming beginners too.
SEM stands for Search Engine Marketing. It covers marketing activities that make use of search engines. That includes things like PPC ads (Pay Per Click), which most of us recognize from search results. SEO also falls under the SEM umbrella, and it refers specifically to optimizing a website for search engines.
SEO stands for Search Engine Optimization. Loosely translated, it means optimizing a site for search engines. That framing has started to shift a bit, since these days it matters more to shape a site so it's genuinely readable and useful for people. Search engines are chasing a similar goal, so sooner or later those two things (optimizing for search engines and for readers) tend to converge.
Because nobody really sees what's going on behind the scenes at search engines, SEO often gets compared to alchemy. There are some known rules that every website should follow. But plenty of other factors that search engines weigh when ranking results stay unknown, which leaves endless room for experimenting with what actually works.
Spam is unwanted promotional content that usually reaches you by email. It can also carry harmful viruses, which may damage your computer or track what you do online. There are several ways to protect yourself from spam these days, for example:
Web hosting is an internet service that lets you place a client's website or application on a server provided by the hosting company. This service is usually paid, and the server space is typically rented monthly or yearly. The opposite of paid web hosting is free hosting, which puts your site online for free but shows ads on it in return. Not everyone wants that trade-off, which is why they rent hosting space instead.
WYSIWYG stands for What You See Is What You Get. This technology is used for the simplest websites, ones that aren't built from the inside out with code but through a visual interface, which then generates the final page code behind the scenes. It's aimed at beginners who are just starting out building websites. One popular example of a WYSIWYG editor is Trumbowyg.
XHTML stands for Extensible Hypertext Markup Language. This markup language is an extension of classic HTML. It's currently one of the most widely used languages for building websites.
Java is a programming language created by Sun Microsystems. It's object-oriented. Thanks to how widely it's used, it's become one of the most popular languages in the world. It's supported on a huge range of devices, so you'll find it running on desktop computers, mobile phones, tablets, and more.
Backup means a copy of your data. That copy is often your last line of defense against permanently losing it. To stay as safe as possible, backups should be made regularly, as often as reasonably possible.
Cache refers to temporary storage used to hold data that's needed often. Caches are commonly used in web browsers, for example.
SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) is a security protocol that encrypts information as it travels between two parties. SSL is one of the key security layers for networks that handle sensitive data, like banks and online stores.
A content management system (the abbreviation CMS stands for exactly that) is a good fit for anyone who wants an easy way to manage their website. CMS platforms are often called editorial systems, and this category includes well-known names like WordPress, Drupal, Joomla!, and others.
Cron is used to run tasks on a schedule in the background of an application, without any human stepping in. It's commonly used for things like scheduled backups, email campaigns, processing request queues, and other recurring jobs.
DNS is a hierarchically organized system of domain names. It's used to translate domain names into their associated node IP addresses. DNS (Domain Name System) refers both to this protocol and to the DNS servers themselves.
In web applications, a database is used to store the data an app needs, keeping it neatly organized and available whenever the app needs to use it again. These days, relational databases are the most common type.
This type of attack works by flooding a target site with requests until it gets knocked offline. DDoS attacks often rely on so called zombie computers, machines infected with malware that can be remotely used to carry out the attack.
jQuery is a web application framework mainly used to handle interaction between web technologies like JavaScript and HTML.
Email lets multiple internet users communicate with each other through electronic messages. These messages can be stored digitally and later searched or replied to.
XML (Extensible Markup Language) is a standard markup format used to transfer information between different applications while keeping the encoding and decoding of that information consistent. This extensible markup format was developed by the W3C.
A VPS is a virtual server that runs on a regular physical hosting server. It lets multiple clients share the hardware's performance while each getting their own fully configurable server, without having to rent an entire physical machine.
A local network (LAN, Local Area Network) is used to connect electronic devices that aren't too far apart. LANs are mainly used in homes and businesses to link individual computers together.
A MAC address (Media Access Control) is an identifier that uniquely marks a device on a network. This address is assigned directly to a device's network card during manufacturing.
SQL is a query language used to communicate with relational databases. MySQL is one of the best known types of database that use it. SQL (Structured Query Language) means exactly that, a structured language for querying data.
PostgreSQL is an open source system developed mainly with the independent Linux platform in mind. This database system (often just called Postgres) is used to communicate with databases.
This framework was built mainly for developing complex applications that rely on a database to run.
SMTP is an internet protocol used to send email messages. SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) handles delivering a message straight from the sender's mailbox to the recipient's.
OpenLiteSpeed is an efficient, high-performance web server that's easy to use and a great fit for running dynamic sites and applications, including sites built on WordPress.
HTTPS (Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure) is the secure version of HTTP. Communication between the browser and server is encrypted using an SSL/TLS certificate, so no third party can intercept or tamper with it. Most websites use HTTPS today, and browsers typically flag unencrypted HTTP pages as not secure.
